Effects of Artificial Intelligence Tools on Student Engagement and Academic Performance in Secondary Classrooms
Author : Dr. ABE, Ezinne Chidinma and Dr. OGEH, Obitor Wizoma Matthew
Abstract :
This study investigates the effects of artificial intelligence (AI) tools on student engagement and academic performance in secondary classrooms using a mixed-methods quasi-experimental design. A total of 200 students from public and private schools across Grades 7–12 participated, with stratified sampling ensuring representation across subjects, gender, and socioeconomic status. The intervention incorporated adaptive learning platforms, AI-based tutoring systems, and interactive AI applications over six weeks. Quantitative data collected through standardized tests, classroom assessments, and validated engagement surveys revealed significant improvements in both academic performance and student engagement, with engagement positively correlating with performance outcomes (r = 0.62, p < .001). Qualitative data from interviews and focus groups highlighted enhanced learning autonomy, motivation, confidence, and positive perceptions of AI-supported instruction. Subgroup analyses indicated that while gains were observed across all demographics, upper secondary students and STEM subjects experienced the most pronounced improvements. The findings align with Constructivist Learning Theory, Self-Determination Theory, and Cognitive Load Theory, underscoring the importance of personalized, scaffolded, and autonomous learning experiences facilitated by AI tools. The study contributes empirical evidence that thoughtfully implemented AI tools can enhance engagement and achievement in secondary education and provides practical implications for educators regarding tool selection, teacher facilitation, and equitable access. Limitations include the short duration of the intervention and context-specific sample, highlighting the need for longitudinal studies across diverse educational settings.
Keywords :
Artificial Intelligence, Student Engagement, Academic Performance, Secondary Education, Adaptive Learning.
